I think it's the DEGREE of open or closed clubface in relation to the plane line that determines how much hook or fade.
Annikan . . .
Excellent post...
As for scientific evidence, there seems to very little that addresses this issue in english.
Most noted instructors that I have come across that use the Ball Flight Laws really use it at a very coarse level and on full swings, no putters.
I long ago gave up on these discussions since there are two camps for sure and none can account for all the variables, the loft, speed, directional vectors, etc.