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Please realize that Hardy's "concept of plane" really has no basis on ANY KIND OF SHAFT PLANE ANYWHERE.

He's simply describing too different "patterns" as we say in TGM (ways to swing a club)

The single plane idea is simply:
-more bent over
-stand further away from it

this will cause you to have a rounder/flatter swing that if you do as he says puts you UNDER PLANE at the top of the swing. The only way to find the plane properly on the downswing is to STEEPEN your swing and swing outside in. That's why you see Olin Browne practicing that routine so much and also why he mainly hits the fade.

The two plane idea is one where:
-you stand closer
-you stand more upright

this basically makes your swing more vertical and upright and imo easier to find the REAL plane.

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IMO, don't worrk about 1 or 2 plane just simply SWING ON PLANE.

Homer said it best, all you need is a:

1) flat left wrist
2) swing on plane (trace a straight plane line)
3) have lag

Can't do much wrong if you do all 3 above

Please excuse my beginner question, but what do you mean by the "real plane"?