[Yoda]

Remember pards . . . Thrust is ACTION, Physics . . . it's more about the Endless Belt and Straight Line Delivery Path . . . which is set at angle which would extend out beyond the plane line.

On the other hand, MOTION is the delivery LINE of the clubhead which the geometric basis is the true geometric Plane Line. The Arc of Approach and Angle of Approach are derived from two points on the plane line.

So Thrust action physics is crossline BUT Motion delivery release motions are ON-LINE.

One of the most critical issues/concepts to incubate or understand is this . . .

Mr. Kelley ingeniously said . . .

The FORCE of the CLUBHEAD is at 90 degrees to the CLUBSHAFT . . . like a ball that would leave a swinging string . . . The mistake people make is thinking the direction of force is the CLUBFACE! It ain't . . . the plane is inclined and thus has an outward component in addition to the down and forward.

Steering results from thinking that the force comes from the clubFACE and they want to get the face square at impact and not separation. You can totally understand this and STILL not do it. Visually from the golfer's perspective the clubhead should look like it passes OUTSIDE the line of flight of the ball.

The thrust in swinging CF aligns the clubshaft so if you mix up the concept with the face being the force . . . you wreck/overpower cf. This thrust gotta be cross-line.

And there you have it.

Rich, you have come far in the past three years.

I am proud of you!