[EdZ]

Plane discussions often are misleading, you must understand the ROOT plane - the plane of FORCE.

Efficient Force is always 'on plane', it doesn't 'shfit' - the rest is a game of semantics and perspectives.

And to look at plane simply as 'mapped' to a particular body part misses the real plane of motion. Yes, those body parts are GENERATING the force, but that force is separate, in 3 dimensional space, from any body part.

In simplest terms, 'plane', the plane of force, is from 'center' to the sweetspot. We stand to the side of the ball, with a club that has an angled lie, and that makes the plane discussion much more complex than it needs to be. The 'generating parts' of the body don't lie on the 'plane of force', but the HANDS are the best link of that chain to pay attention to.

Twirl a rock on a string - do you 'shift' planes? If you did, you'd break the string. For practical application, think of your HANDS as the rock, they are your connection to sending force through the ball - the pressure points. Keep the pressure points 'on their plane' and the club will follow 'on its plane' and the sweet spot will be 'on THE plane'.