[tongzilla]

Tong, you moved to the top of the list with your studies of the Golfing Machine- I would suggest one clarification to your post.

1) Tongzilla Quote "You have described the Swinger's Standard Wrist Action (10-18-A) and its Sequenced Release (4-D-0)which requires the Left palm to be Swivelled On Plane during Start Up."

Definition #1: Start-up is 8-4- the very initial stage of motion between address and the backstroke.

Definition #2: Swivelling is an independent forearm rotation.

You won't find anything in the Golfing Machine that "requires" the left palm be swivelled "on plane" during start up- for swinging (or hitting). If you want it to be "My Way" (page VII) then great, but not "The Way" (page VII). And even that particular "My Way" has potential issues of concern- not setting up a swinging motion- the primary one. A position golf ideology in regards to the left wrist - the secondary one, (specifically in regards to having the left wrist "on-plane" at some specific location during the start-up/backstroke). 7-18, 10-18 cover this area.

In summary, it's easy to get too specific at any stage in understanding the Golfing Machine. So it's a process of understanding the specifics and then drawing back and making sure that you haven't destroyed the big picture while painting the small one. Mr. Kelley was the ultimate "concept man" in that regard. Good Luck in that journey!

Great to see you posting again, Mike

Lets clarify and be more precise about what a Swivel is.
A Swivel is a rotation of the Left Wrist from a Turned position to a Vertical position or from a Vertical position to a Turned position. The former is what we usually call “Standard Wrist Action on Downstroke”, or more commonly known as a “Release Swivel”. The latter is known as “Standard Wrist Action on Backstroke” or “Start Up Swivel".

What does “Turned” mean? Per 4-C-2, “When TURNED…the left palm faces directly toward that Plane."

Putting both these concepts together, this means the left palm is “Swiveled On Plane”, per my previous post.

So what the Start Up Swivel does is to put the Left Arm Flying Wedge On Plane, so it can remain On Plane until Release, just before the Release Swivel takes the Left Arm Flying Wedge (or the left palm) Off Plane to get into position to apply the selected Hinge Action.

With a Flat Left Wrist, the palm of the Left Hand must be On Plane for the Club to remain On Plane.

PS: photos can be deceiving!